EU rules for battery passports

Battery Regulation (EU) 2023/1542

What it does Rules for every battery placed on the EU market: labels and the QR code (Art. 13), information on waste batteries (Art. 74) and the battery passport for LMT batteries, industrial batteries above 2 kWh and electric vehicle batteries (Art. 77, 78).

Status In force

Key dates Published 28 Jul 2023, applies from 18 Feb 2024 (Art. 96). QR code and battery passport from 18 Feb 2027 (Art. 13(6), 77(1)).

Source EUR-Lex

Regulation (EU) 2025/1561

What it does Amends the due diligence obligations of the Battery Regulation: they apply from 18 Aug 2027 (Art. 48(1)).

Status Adopted

Key dates Published 30 Jul 2025.

Source EUR-Lex

DPP registry, Implementing Regulation (EU) 2026/1778

What it does The registry where the operator uploads each battery's unique identifier (Battery Regulation Art. 77(10)); it checks each registration against the battery data model (Art. 8(7)).

Status In force

Key dates Published 17 Jul 2026, in force 6 Aug 2026. Registry in operation since 20 Jul 2026.

Source EUR-Lex

ESPR, Regulation (EU) 2024/1781

What it does The framework for the passports of other products. For batteries it adds the upload of each battery's identifier to its registry (ESPR Art. 13 and 78, Battery Regulation Art. 77(10)).

Status In force

Key dates In force 18 Jul 2024.

Source EUR-Lex

LMT battery: sealed, 25 kg or less, for e-bikes, e-scooters and other light means of transport (point 11)

What it needs A battery passport, reached through the QR code on the battery

From 18 Feb 2027

Status Adopted

Source EUR-Lex

Electric vehicle battery: traction battery for road vehicles, or for light vehicles above 25 kg (point 14)

What it needs A battery passport

From 18 Feb 2027

Status Adopted

Source EUR-Lex

Industrial battery above 2 kWh, home and grid storage included (points 13 and 15)

What it needs A battery passport

From 18 Feb 2027

Status Adopted

Source EUR-Lex

Portable battery, SLI battery, industrial battery of 2 kWh or less (points 9, 12 and 13)

What it needs A QR code that leads to its information: the label's data, the declaration of conformity and the information on waste batteries (Art. 13(6)(b), (c))

From 18 Feb 2027

Status Adopted

Source EUR-Lex

Every battery

What it needs The separate collection symbol, the crossed-out wheeled bin (Art. 13(4))

From 18 Aug 2025

Status In force

Source EUR-Lex

Public data: manufacturer, model, chemistry, capacity, voltage, weight, hazardous substances, critical raw materials, performance and durability, the markings, the declaration of conformity and the end-user information on waste batteries

Rule Annex XIII point 1; Art. 74(1)

From 18 Feb 2027

Status Adopted

Source EUR-Lex

Data for persons with a legitimate interest (such as repairers, recyclers and buyers) and for authorities: detailed composition, dismantling information, test reports, each battery's state of health

Rule Annex XIII points 2 to 4; Art. 77(2), 77(9)

From 18 Feb 2027; who may read it is set by an implementing act that is not adopted

Status Adopted

Source EUR-Lex, Commission FAQ

Due diligence report, where the battery contains cobalt, natural graphite, lithium or nickel

Rule Annex XIII 1(d); Art. 48(1), 52(3)

From 18 Aug 2027

Status Adopted

Source EUR-Lex

Carbon footprint declaration, rechargeable batteries

Rule Annex XIII 1(c); Art. 7(1)

From Electric vehicle batteries 18 Feb 2025, industrial 18 Feb 2026, LMT 18 Aug 2028, industrial with exclusively external storage 18 Aug 2030, each or 12 to 18 months after its acts, whichever is the latest. The acts are not adopted.

Status Expected

Source EUR-Lex, Commission guidance

Carbon footprint performance class

Rule Annex XIII 1(c); Art. 7(2)

From Electric vehicle batteries 18 Aug 2026, industrial 18 Aug 2027, LMT 18 Feb 2030, exclusively external storage 18 Feb 2032, each or 18 months after its acts, whichever is the latest. The acts are not adopted.

Status Expected

Source EUR-Lex

Recycled content (cobalt, lead, lithium, nickel), electric vehicle and industrial batteries

Rule Annex XIII 1(e); Art. 8(1)

From 18 Aug 2028 or 24 months after the methodology act, whichever is the latest. The act is not adopted.

Status Expected

Source EUR-Lex

Recycled content, LMT batteries

Rule Annex XIII 1(e); Art. 8(1), second subparagraph

From 18 Aug 2033

Status Adopted

Source EUR-Lex

One passport per battery, with a unique identifier (Art. 77(1), 77(3), 13(6))

What it means Each battery has its own passport, reached through the QR code on the battery, which links to a unique identifier (ISO/IEC 15459).

DPP Host today A passport per serial number on id.dpphost.eu (/01/{GTIN}/21/{serial}, GS1 Digital Link), linked to its model passport, and a QR code per serial number.

Status In place

Content by audience (Art. 77(2), 77(9); Annex XIII)

What it means Public data for everyone; points 2 to 4 only for persons with a legitimate interest, notified bodies, market surveillance authorities and the Commission.

DPP Host today Every Annex XIII field is in the batteries rule set. Public data is published; data for others is stored, never published, and served once the act says to whom.

Status Waiting for the EU

Kept accurate, complete and up to date (Art. 77(4))

What it means The operator placing the battery on the market keeps the passport current, or authorises another operator in writing.

DPP Host today Every change is published as a new version; earlier versions stay available.

Status In place

Open, interoperable, machine-readable data (Art. 77(5), 78)

What it means Structured data in open standards, transferable without vendor lock-in.

DPP Host today JSON and JSON-LD for every passport, with units as UN/CEFACT codes. Mapped to the Commission's battery data model once it is published.

Status Partly

Storage and no secondary use (Art. 78(c), (d))

What it means The passport is stored by the responsible operator or an operator it authorises, who may not sell, re-use or process the data beyond the service.

DPP Host today Your authorisation and the no-reuse rule are in our terms; lawyer review pending. No analytics, AI training or resale on passport data.

Status Partly

Available after the operator ceases to exist (Art. 78(e))

What it means The passport stays available when the operator stops.

DPP Host today Published passports stay online 10 to 15 years from publication, also after you leave. The executor for DPP Host's own end is not arranged yet: see the continuity plan.

Status Partly

Data integrity and restricted write rights (Art. 78(f) to (h))

What it means A reader can check that the data has not changed; only those with the right may write it.

DPP Host today Each version carries a content hash and an independent daily timestamp. Only a person of your organisation, or an API key it grants, publishes.

Status In place

Registry upload of each battery's identifier (Art. 77(10); Implementing Regulation (EU) 2026/1778)

What it means The operator uploads each battery's unique identifier to the registry.

DPP Host today An upload file per 100 batteries in a provisional format until the Commission publishes its own. You register under your own registry account; registration on your behalf is not available yet.

Status Partly

A new passport for a repurposed or remanufactured battery (Art. 77(7))

What it means The operator that repurposes or remanufactures a battery publishes a new passport linked to the original one.

DPP Host today Not built yet.

Status Planned

Who may read the data for persons with a legitimate interest (Art. 77(9))

What is not defined The implementing act on who has a legitimate interest, to which data, and how far they may use it. It was due on 18 Aug 2026.

Expected Draft for feedback expected Oct or Nov 2026 (Commission FAQ)

DPP Host meanwhile That data is stored and never published.

Source Commission FAQ

Carbon footprint method and format (Art. 7)

What is not defined The delegated act on how the carbon footprint is calculated and the implementing act on the declaration's format.

Expected Not adopted (Commission guidance, Aug 2026)

DPP Host meanwhile The carbon footprint fields stay empty and unshown until they apply.

Source Commission guidance

The label's format (Art. 13(10))

What is not defined The implementing act on the label's format and symbols. A draft was notified to the WTO on 22 Dec 2025.

Expected Not adopted

DPP Host meanwhile The label's design stays the maker's; DPP Host makes the QR code.

Source WTO notification

Recycled content method (Art. 8)

What is not defined The delegated act on how recycled content is calculated. It was due on 18 Aug 2026.

Expected Not adopted

DPP Host meanwhile Recycled content stays unshown until it applies.

Source EUR-Lex

The battery data model in the registry's semantic repository (Implementing Regulation (EU) 2026/1778, Art. 12)

What is not defined The vocabularies and the data model the registry checks a battery passport against.

Expected Not published when read

DPP Host meanwhile Our field and term lists are drafts that follow it once it is published.

Source EUR-Lex

The Battery Regulation's delegated and implementing acts and its amendments

Where EUR-Lex, Official Journal L series; the Publications Office's index of acts naming Regulation (EU) 2023/1542

What it changes Sections A, C and E

The Commission's battery passport guidance and FAQ

Where single-market-economy.ec.europa.eu

What it changes Sections C to E

The DPP registry and its battery data model

Where registry.product-passport.ec.europa.eu

What it changes The registry row in D; the data model in E